PNEUMONIA Pneumonia is simply an infection of the lung tissue. It causes inflammation of the lung tissue and sputum filling the airways and alveoli. Pneumonia can be seen as consolidation on a chest xray . Classification If the pneumonia developed outside of hospital it is labeled labelled “ community acquired pneumonia ”. If it develops more than 48h after hospital admission it is labelled “ hospital acquired pneumonia ”. If it develops as a result of aspiration , meaning after inhaling foreign material such as food, then it is labelled “ aspiration pneumonia ”. Presentation Shortness of breath Cough productive of sputum Fever Haemoptysis (coughing up blood) Pleuritic chest pain (sharp chest pain worse on inspiration) Delirium (acute confusion associated with infection) Sepsis Signs There may be a derangement in basic observations. These can indicate sepsis secondary to the pneumonia: Tachypnoea (raised respiratory rate) Tachycardia (raised heart rate) Hypoxia (
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